From Today in Science History:
William Whewell (May 24, 1794-Mar 6, 1866) British scientist, best known for his survey of the scientific method and for creating scientific words. He founded mathematical crystallography and developed Mohr’s classification of minerals. He created the words scientist and physicist by analogy with the word artist. They soon replaced the older term natural philosopher. Other useful words were coined to help his friends: biometry for Lubbock; Eocine, Miocene and Pliocene for Lyell; and for Faraday, anode, cathode, diamagnetic, paramagnetic, and ion (whence the sundry other particle names ending -ion). In metereology, Whewell devised a self-recording anemometer. He was second only to Newton for work on tidal theory. He died as a result of being thrown from his horse.
Biography at The Victorian Web
Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers
Review of a PhD dissertation by Michael S. Reidy (who happens to be my undergrad advisor), and his forthcoming book, The Tides of History
Defining Science: William Whewell, Natural Knowledge and Public Debate in Early Victorian Britain
Whewell’s correspondence with Charles Darwin
“Darwin’s debt to philosophy: An examination of the influence of the philosophical ideas of John F.W. Herschel and William Whewell on the development of Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution “
